본문 바로가기

연구보고서

[기본 연구과제] 수원시 도시 회복력 평가 및 증진방안 수립

페이지 정보

작성자 : 연구기획팀|조회수 : 8,583

바로보기

다운로드

본문

부서 안전환경연구실
연구책임 김은영 연구위원
보고서 번호 SRI-기본-2017-04
과제구분 기본
발행일 2017-10-31

수원시 도시 회복력 평가 및 증진방안 수립

 

수원시정연구원 안전환경연구실 김은영

 

  기후변화에 의한 이상기후로 인한 피해가 증가하고 있으며 이에 대한 대응방안으로 회복력에 대한 관심이 증가하는 추세이다. 회복력의 개념은 원래의 상태로 되돌아가는 것을 뜻하며, 도시 회복력은 외부 충격에 대한 피해의 최소화에서 극복 노력 및 능력의 향상의 개념으로 변화해 가는 과정에 있다. 본 연구에서는 향후 가뭄, 폭염, 폭우 등의 기후 영향에 대응하기 위해 수원시의 현재 회복력 수준을 평가하고 도시차원에서 회복력을 높이기 위한 방안을 검토하였다.
  수원시의 가뭄, 폭염 및 폭우에 대한 미래 기후 취약성을 수원시 및 구별 특이사항을 검토하였다. 2040년대에는 현재보다 폭염일수와 강수량이 크게 증가할 것으로 예상되어 이에 대한 대응이 필요하다.

201801_표1.jpg

  본 연구에서는 도시 회복력을 사회적 회복력, 경제적 회복력, 도시인프라 회복력, 생태적 회복력으로 구분하여 평가하였다. 사회적 회복력에는 취약계층, 의료서비스 접근성, 인력양성 등이 평가항목으로 포함되어 있으며, 경제적 회복력에는 주거안정, 고용안정, 수입균등, 경제적 다양성 항목이 포함되어 있다. 도시인프라 측면에서는 주거 취약성, 이재민 수용 능력, 하수체계 등이 포함되어 있으며, 생태적 회복력에는 보호자원, 지속성, 재해위험 노출 항목을 포함하고 있다.
  수원시의 사회적 회복력 수준은 경기도에 비해 높은 수준이나 의료서비스 수준은 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 구별로 살펴본 결과, 영통구의 사회적 회복력이 전반적으로 높게 나타났으며 팔달구의 사회적 회복력은 시민단체 등 거버넌스 측면을 제외하고 회복력 수준이 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

201801_그래프1.jpg

  경제적 회복력 수준은 상업인프라 밀집도와 여성노동참가비율은 경기도에 비해 높은 수준이나 자가 거주비율, 대기업대비 중소기업종사자 비율은 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 구별로 분석한 결과, 팔달구의 경제적 회복력이 자가 거주비율을 제외하고 타 지역에 비해 높게 나타났으며 영통구가 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 영통구는 삼성전자 등 대기업 의존도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다.

201801_그래프2.jpg

  도시인프라 측면에서는 하수관거 보급률을 제외하고는 경기도에 비해 낮은 수준이며 노후주택, 20년 이상의 하수관거 노후도 등이 문제로 제시되었다. 구별로 살펴본 결과, 영통구는 분류식 우수관로 설치율이 높아 도시침수의 문제가 낮은 반면 장안구의 경우 분류식 우수관로 설치율이 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 그 외 주민대피시설의 수는 팔달구가 가장 높게 나타났다.

201801_그래프3.jpg

  생태적 회복력은 보호지역, 하천면적, 도시공원 면적은 높은 수준의 회복력을 가지고 있는 반면 산림면적, 투수성 포장면적, 경작지면적, 녹지면적은 상대적으로 낮은 회복력 수준을 보였다. 구별 분석결과, 산림면적, 하천, 도시공원 면적이 장안구에서 가장 높은 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 영통구는 도시공원과 녹지면적, 권선구는 경작지 비율이 높은 것으로 분석되었다.

201801_그래프4.jpg

  본 연구에서는 수원시의 도시 회복력을 높이기 위한 정책 방향을 제시하였다. 사회적 회복력을 높이기 위해서는 기존의 취약계층 지원사업 추진과 함께 폭염, 폭우 등 재난재해 시 대피요령에 대한 교육이 필요하며, 가뭄, 폭염, 폭우 등의 기후재난 대응을 위한 민관 거버넌스 체계 마련이 필요하다. 
  경제적 회복력을 높이기 위해서는 주거복지 실현을 통한 주거안정성을 확보하고 질 좋은 일자리 창출을 통해 고용안정, 생활임금제도 도입을 통한 안정된 가구 소득 확보, 여성노동 참가지원을 위한 육아정책 및 사회안전망 확보가 중요하다. 또한, 대기업 의존도를 낮추고 강소기업 발굴 및 지원체계를 마련하고 수원시 관내 대학생 및 졸업생 대상 창업활동 지원이 필요하다.
  도시인프라 회복력을 높이기 위해서는 도시재생을 통한 노후주택 정비, 기후친화적인 건축물 도입, 옥상녹화, 투수성 바닥재 사용 등을 통해 주거 회복력을 높여야 한다. 또한, 재난 발생 시 대피시설 지정과 운영의 실효성을 높여야 한다. 대중교통, 도시철도 등 기후재난 발생 시 대응 매뉴얼 작성이 필요하며 철도나 도로 녹화를 통해 과열방지, 도로 외곽부 침투 도랑을 설치하여 이상강우 발생시 도시 내 범람을 최소화하여야 한다. 이와 관련하여 합류식 하수관거를 단계적으로 분류식 우수관거로 교체하고 빗물이용시설을 설치하여 기후재난을 대응하여야 한다.
  생태적 회복력 증진을 위해서는 도시기후 조절을 위한 도시숲 및 가로수 조성이 중요하며 내후성 있는 수종선택을 통한 건강한 도시 생태계 관리가 필요하다. 특히 도시열섬을 저감할 수 있도록 공공공간 내 녹지조성, 빗물이용시설(레인가든)의 적극적인 도입이 요구된다. 또한, 폭염, 폭우 등 재해위험지도 작성 등을 통한 재해위험지역 관리가 필요하다.
  본 연구에서는 도시차원에서 회복력을 높이기 위한 방안으로 도시인프라 및 생태적 회복력측면에서 고려해야할 계획요소를 도출하여 적용 가능성을 제시하였다. 또한 회복력 있는 도시를 실현하기 위해서는 수원시 도시 정책 및 계획 수립 시 회복력 개념 및 회복력 있는 도시를 위한 목표가 반영되어야 하며, 이를 실행할 수 있는 이행모니터링이 마련되어야 한다.

 

침수예측지도.jpg

 침수예측지도(Mosuro, 2012)

도로 및 공원.JPG

 도로 및 공원 내 저류시설 설치 사례(City of Melbourne, 2010)

도로주변의 빗물관리 사례.jpg

도로주변의 빗물관리 사례(www.connectionnewspaper.com)

 

 ∣차 례∣
제1장 서 론 ··············································································································· 1
제1절 연구의 배경 및 목적 ·············································································· 1
1. 연구의 배경 ······························································································ 1
2. 연구의 목적 ······························································································ 2
제2절 연구의 범위 및 방법 ·············································································· 3
1. 연구의 범위 ······························································································ 3
2. 연구의 방법 ······························································································ 3
제2장 선행연구 고찰 ································································································ 5
제1절 회복력 개념 ····························································································· 5
1. 회복력 ········································································································ 5
2. 생태적 회복력 ························································································· 11
3. 도시에서의 생태적 회복력 재정의 ······················································· 14
제2절 회복력 있는 도시 평가사례 ································································· 17
1. 록펠러 재단 ···························································································· 17
2. 회복력 평가 ···························································································· 21
제3절 회복력 있는 도시 정책사례 ································································· 29
1. 호주 ·········································································································· 29
2. 미국 ········································································································ 32
3. 영국 ········································································································ 40
4. 네덜란드 ································································································ 43
제3장 수원시 도시 회복력 현황 분석 ·································································· 45
제1절 수원시 현황 ··························································································· 45
1. 수원시 인문사회 현황 ············································································ 45
2. 수원시 자연환경 현황 ············································································ 49
3. 수원시 도시인프라 현황 ········································································ 53
제2절 수원시 미래기후 ···················································································· 56
1. 가뭄 ·········································································································· 56
2. 폭염 ·········································································································· 59
3. 폭우 ·········································································································· 63
제3절 소결 ······································································································· 67
제4장 수원시 도시 회복력 평가 ··········································································· 69
제1절 도시 회복력 평가기준 도출 ································································· 69
1. 도시 회복력 평가지표 ············································································ 69
2. 도시 회복력 평가 지표 선정 ································································ 74
제2절 수원시 도시 회복력 평가 ····································································· 78
1. 수원시 도시 회복력 평가 ······································································ 78
2. 수원시 구별 도시 회복력 평가 ····························································· 83
3. 수원시 도시 회복력 평가 종합 ····························································· 89
제5장 수원시 도시 회복력 증진방안 ···································································· 91
제1절 도시 회복력 증진을 위한 수원시 정책방향 ······································· 91
1. 수원시 도시 회복력관련 정책 현황 ····················································· 91
2. 수원시 도시 회복력 증진 방향 ····························································· 94
제2절 도시관리차원에서의 회복력 증진을 위한 계획요소 도출 ················ 96
1. 도시인프라 회복력 증진을 위한 계획요소 ·········································· 96
2. 생태적 회복력 증진을 위한 계획요소 ··············································· 104
제6장 결론 ············································································································· 111
제1절 결론 ······································································································· 111
제2절 정책적 제언 ·························································································· 112

위로